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ABOUT THE GREAT SILK ROAD

FIVE STANS - (UZBEKISTAN, KASAKHSTAN, KYRGYZSTAN, TAJIKISTAN AND TURKMENISTAN) ARE FORMER SOVIET CENTRAL ASIAN REPUBLICS,WHICH BECAME INDEPENDENT AFTER THE COLLAPSE OF THE USSR IN AUGUST OF 1991.

FIVE STANS - MOST PEOPLE FROM EUROPE,SOUTH, NORTH AMERICA,ASIA AND AUSTRALIA THOUGHT THE HISTORY OF FIVE STANS - IS THE SOVIET HISTORY WITH THE 1917 OCTOBER REVOLUTION.

FIVE STANS - OVERWELMING MAJORITY OF THE WORLD PEOPLE FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES STARTED TO SHOW THEIR INTEREST IN THESE STANS AFTER THEIR GETTING INDEPENDENT.

FIVE STANS - ARE THE COUNTRIES OF GREAT SILK ROAD, AS THE MAIN PART OF IT WAS GOING THROUGH THE COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL ASIA.

DISCOVER FOR YOURSELF - FIVE STANS, WITH MEDIEVAL LEGENDARY MONUMENTS OF SAMARKAND, BUKHARA, KHIVA, SHAKHRISABZ, MERV, PENDJIKENT, KHUJAND, KUNYA-URGENCH, TURKESTAN, SAIRAM, TARAZ, CHIMKENT, OSH,UZGEN, WHICH ARE WELL-KNOWN ALL OVER THE WORLD.

Among five stans UZBEKISTAN has fantastic cities with fine palaces, mosques, madrassas were built many centuries ago. Majority of them were ruined,but the remained monuments of medieval Samarkand,Bukhara,Khiva and Shakhrisabz till now admiring. Samarkand - the greatest king of all times Timur loveshly adorned his beloved city with unique gems of delights with mosques, medresses and mausoleums. SAMARKAND, BUKHARA, KHIVA - the cities which for millenia were capitals of the mightiest empires and which occupied nearly half of the Asian continent at that time.These oases, fringed with waterless steppes and highest mountains, today remind us of the Medieval Moslem world which the first Europians saw here back before Marco Polo.

KAZAKHSTAN - is a land of ancient civilization which lies in the heart of the Great Eurasian steppe, the band of grass land stretching from Mongolia to Hungary, and it's territory is more than twice as big as the four other stans together. In Kasakhstan you can see Almaty,the former capital, whereyou can visit archeological diggings of Issyk,the finest wooden cathedral,the highest skating-rink of Medeo,the famous Ahmad Yassavi mausoleum of the city of Turkestan and other sightseeings.

KYRGYZSTAN - lies between China and Central Asia and it is the country ofthe highest mountains.This country around the Tien-shan is amazing area and consists of a wide variety of sights fromdesert to green forest and from glacier to rural region. Most tourists like Kyrgyzstan as the most accessible and welcoming of the five stans, as it contains central Tien-Shan and Pamir Alay ranges, Central Asia's beautiful mountains. A lot is done for the development of tourism, because of many potential opportunities to see and rest.The capital of the republic is Bishkek, not far from it, it is possible to see Burana tower, Issyk-Kul and parts of Tien-Shan.

TAJIKISTAN - 93 % of the territory of Tajikistan are mountains.This an ancient state situated in the south-east of Central Asia.Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan lie to the west and north,China and Afganistan to the east and south.there are 22 cities and towns in Tajikistan.Cities such as Khujand(Alexandria-Eskhata), Penjikent and Uroteppa are among the most ancient settlemets in the east.The most ancient heart of Zoroastrian culture(Sogdiana, Bactria) were located here.And at the present time,despite the millenium-long supremacy of Islam,much in the every day life of the high-landers reminds of the times when fire- worshippers lived here.Rugged and mountainous, Tajikistan sits at the heart of five stans with China to the east and the In- dian sub-continent to the south.Three major Silk Road routes ran trough it's present day territory.These three routes were the Sogdian, or North road, which connected Samarkand and Kashgar(China):the Korategin Road between Termez(Uzbekistan) and Kashgar:and the Pamir Road linking Balkh(Afganistan) and Tashkurgan(China).

TURKMENISTAN - Ashgabat is the country's capital.The archeological exca- vations of the Old and New Nisa are located about 20 kilome- ters from Ashgabat.Scientific research works carried here showed that Old Nisa was a Persian capital.Many discoveries belonged to Greek style,which were showing the ancient Greek influences.Kunya-Urgench is the ancient state of Khorezm. The city's sightseeing include Najmiddin Kubro Mausoleum, the Torebeg Khanum Masoleum and the 67 ms high Kutlug Temur minaret.MERV - is an archological sight.It is possible to see here - Sultan Sanjar's Masoleum and the Gyaur-Kala gates.